Correct Answer: hepatitis b virus
a blood-borne pathogen is a disease-causing microorganism that is transmitted through blood and other bodily fluids. these pathogens include viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. examples of diseases caused by blood-borne pathogens include hiv/aids, hepatitis b and c, and syphilis. these microorganisms can cause significant health problems and, in some cases, can be fatal if not properly treated.
the hepatitis b virus (hbv) is specifically identified as a blood-borne pathogen. it primarily affects the liver, leading to hepatitis, which is an inflammation of the liver. this inflammation can result in the liver becoming swollen and tender, causing discomfort or pain in patients. hepatitis b is highly infectious and can be transmitted through contact with infected blood, sexual contact, and from mother to child during childbirth.
the symptoms of hepatitis b can vary from mild to severe and include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), fatigue, nausea, and abdominal pain. chronic hepatitis b can lead to more serious conditions such as liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. preventative measures include vaccination, which is highly effective in preventing the infection.
other notable blood-borne pathogens include the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), which causes aids; hepatitis c, which is similar to hepatitis b but generally has fewer treatment options; syphilis, a bacterial infection; and hepatitis d, which only infects those already infected with hepatitis b. understanding these pathogens is crucial for implementing effective health and safety practices, especially in medical and healthcare settings where exposure to blood and body fluids is more likely.
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