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Correct Answer: root planing.
periodontal disease is a serious gum condition that can lead to the deterioration of the structures supporting the teeth, including the gums and bone. for patients suffering from periodontal disease, a common and effective set of procedures are employed: scaling, root planing, and sometimes polishing. these procedures are crucial in managing the disease and preventing further damage.
**scaling** is the first procedure typically used. this involves the removal of plaque and tartar (calculus) from the tooth surfaces and beneath the gums. plaque is a sticky film composed mostly of bacteria, and if left untreated, it can harden into tartar, which is much more difficult to remove. scaling is performed with special dental instruments, including ultrasonic devices and manual scalers. this process helps to reduce the inflammation of the gums and the risk of progression of periodontal disease.
**root planing** follows scaling and involves smoothing the roots of the teeth to remove any remaining bacteria, tartar, and toxins. this procedure is crucial because it helps in eliminating bacteria that contribute to the disease and promotes the reattachment of the gums to the tooth surfaces. root planing is typically performed under local anesthesia as it involves cleaning the roots that are embedded deep under the gums.
**polishing** of the teeth may also be performed after scaling and root planing. this step is used to smooth the tooth surfaces further, making it more difficult for plaque to adhere and accumulate again. although not always necessary in every periodontal treatment, polishing can contribute to the aesthetic and health aspects of dental care.
post these procedures, a periodontist or dentist usually schedules **recall visits** to monitor the patient’s progress and ensure the disease is being managed effectively. these visits are important because periodontal disease can progress silently; hence regular check-ups can prevent recurrence and further complications.
these treatments, collectively often referred to as periodontal therapy or oral prophylaxis, are standard practices in managing periodontal disease effectively. they are aimed at reducing the bacterial load in the mouth, thereby controlling the infection and promoting healing of the gum tissues. a periodontist, who is a dentist specialized in treating gum diseases, typically performs these procedures. regular maintenance and care following these treatments are crucial for the long-term health of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth.
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