Correct Answer: tyrosine
the question asks for the identification of a specific type of crystal found in urine based on its description. the description provided is that of a crystal that appears as sheaths of fine delicate needles that are colorless or yellow, and these can be isolated or grouped in rosettes. this is characteristic of tyrosine crystals.
tyrosine crystals in urine are an uncommon finding and are usually associated with severe liver disease or inherited metabolic disorders such as tyrosinemia. these crystals can also appear in conditions where the amino acid metabolism is disrupted. the appearance of tyrosine crystals as described – sheaths of fine, delicate needles that are colorless or yellow – is distinctive and helps in differentiating them from other types of urinary crystals.
other crystals mentioned in the question include uric acid, cholesterol, and leucine. uric acid crystals typically appear as rhomboid or rosette shapes and can vary in color from yellow to orange. cholesterol crystals in urine are notably flat and rectangular, with a notched corner, appearing almost exclusively in cold, concentrated urine. leucine crystals are yellow-brown spheres with concentric circles and radial striations, making them quite distinct from tyrosine.
hence, based on the description provided, the correct answer to the question is tyrosine crystals. the identification is clear due to the unique appearance of tyrosine crystals as fine, delicate needle-like structures, which are either colorless or yellow and can form rosette patterns. this differentiates them clearly from the appearance of uric acid, cholesterol, and leucine crystals.
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