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Correct Answer: cause and effect
the question asks us to identify which type of organizational structure in writing is best used to show why something happened and what the result was. the options provided are: chronological order, cause and effect, comparison, and emphatic order. let's break down each option:
**chronological order:**
chronological order is an organizational method where information is structured according to the time sequence in which events occur. this method is commonly used in narratives, history writing, or any context where telling the order of events is crucial. however, it does not inherently explain why events happen or focus specifically on the consequences of those events.
**cause and effect:**
cause and effect is an organizational structure specifically designed to explore why things happen (causes) and what happens as a result (effects). this method is particularly useful in scientific, sociological, psychological, and historical contexts, where understanding the link between initiatives and outcomes is essential. by using this structure, writers can clearly articulate the rationale behind occurrences and their subsequent impacts, making it the best choice for showing both the causes and the results.
**comparison:**
comparison is used to evaluate two or more items (such as ideas, objects, practices) by discussing their similarities and differences. this method does not necessarily focus on the causality or outcomes of events or concepts but is more about drawing parallels or distinctions to inform or persuade.
**emphatic order:**
emphatic order involves arranging information according to its importance. the writer decides what should be emphasized more and places that information where it will have the most impact, typically building up to the most important point. while this can be a powerful method for persuasion or impact, it does not inherently explain causal relationships or outcomes.
**conclusion:**
given the descriptions, the most appropriate answer to the question is "cause and effect." this organizational structure is explicitly designed to explore and explain why something happens and what follows from those events, aligning perfectly with the need to show both the causes and the effects of certain actions or phenomena. therefore, cause and effect.
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