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MCA Earth Science (019) Practice Tests & Test Prep by Exam Edge

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MCA Earth Science Sample Test

1 of 5

The smallest unit of an element has which of the following particles that carry a negative charge?

Correct Answer:

electron

the correct answer to the question regarding the smallest unit of an element that has particles carrying a negative charge is "electron." electrons are fundamental subatomic particles that are inherently associated with a negative electrical charge. each electron carries a charge quantified as -1 elementary charge unit and has a very small mass relative to protons or neutrons, about 1/1836 of the mass of a proton.

an electron is not only crucial for electricity but also plays a significant role in the chemical properties of an element. electrons reside in the electron cloud, which surrounds the nucleus of an atom. this cloud is where chemical bonding occurs as electrons are shared, gained, or lost among atoms, facilitating the formation of molecules.

the nucleus, on the other hand, is the central core of an atom and is composed of protons and neutrons. protons possess a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge. the nucleus is significant for the overall mass of the atom and for determining the atomic number, which in turn identifies the element. however, it does not contribute to the negative charge of the atom; hence, "nucleus" is an incorrect answer to the question.

other options like "cell" and "atom" are also incorrect. a cell is a complex structure and is the basic unit of life in biology, composed of many molecules and atoms, and thus not relevant to the discussion of subatomic particles and their charges. an atom represents the smallest unit of a chemical element that retains its chemical properties but is not itself a charge carrier. the electron, being a constituent part of the atom that carries a negative charge, is the specific answer to the question.