Correct Answer:
Anarchism.
this question tests your ability to understand an excerpt from a text on political theory and relate its ideas to various political ideologies. the passage argues for a civil society whose citizens may appeal to a known authority to mediate cases of injury or controversy, and also to avoid and remedy inconveniences arising from the state of nature. while communism advocates a classless egalitarian society in which property is held in common by all members, it does not advocate either an absolute ruler, or a complete lack of authority. socialism too, while favoring an egalitarian society and an equal distribution of goods and property among citizens, does not lobby for the elimination of authority. the same holds true for liberalism which, while differing from both communism and socialism as to ownership of property, is similar to both in that it favors equality under law and a known, but limited, authority. all three, in fact, would argue that their ideology aims to avoid and ameliorate inconveniences arising from humanity’s natural state, as opposed to social state. only anarchism denies the setting up of a known authority, and thus a return to, or continuation of, a state of nature which is but the obverse of that in which locke would place an absolute prince.
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