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Correct Answer: controlling communication
the correct answer to the question is "controlling communication."
controlling communication is a form of interaction where one party attempts to dominate or control the conversation. this type of communication is characterized by the sender imposing their views, solutions, or decisions upon the receiver, often without adequate consideration for the receiver's opinions, feelings, or needs. in such scenarios, the sender appears to be authoritative and unyielding, which can easily provoke defensiveness in the receiver.
when a person feels that their freedom to choose or contribute is being restricted by another's forceful approach, they are likely to react defensively. this defensiveness arises because the receiver perceives a threat to their autonomy or self-concept. they may feel undervalued or disrespected, leading to resistance against the imposed ideas or solutions and potentially escalating conflict.
in contrast, more supportive communication practices such as problem orientation, spontaneity, equality, provisionalism, and description focus on collaboration, open expression, mutual respect, and adaptability. these methods encourage both parties to work together to find mutually satisfying solutions, express thoughts and feelings openly and honestly, treat each other as equals, remain open to alternatives, and describe situations without judgment or manipulation.
therefore, controlling communication, unlike the other options listed, clearly stands out as a potential trigger for defensiveness because it undermines these principles of supportive and effective communication. to reduce defensiveness and foster more productive interactions, it is recommended to avoid controlling tones and to adopt a more inclusive and respectful communication style.
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