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Correct Answer: children will undergo a biological process that happens in a predictable, sequential stage over a period of time.
the maturationist theory, primarily associated with developmental psychologist arnold gesell, posits that child development is an innate, biological process that unfolds in a predictable and sequential manner. according to this theory, each child’s development is preprogrammed in their genetic code, and therefore, the timing and pace of each developmental milestone are largely determined by internal biological mechanisms. this perspective emphasizes the natural unfolding of skills and abilities according to a genetic timetable.
one of the key implications of the maturationist theory is its stance on educational readiness—particularly regarding when a child should begin formal schooling. maturationists argue that children reach a state of readiness for learning at different times, which is dictated by their individual biological maturity, rather than their age alone. for instance, the ability to start reading or manage classroom activities should not be forced if the child has not reached the appropriate stage of biological and neurological development. this readiness includes various developmental domains such as physical, cognitive, and emotional.
therefore, under the maturationist theory, educators and parents are encouraged to be observant of the signs of developmental readiness rather than adhering strictly to age-based criteria. for example, a child should only start learning to read when they have naturally acquired the necessary pre-reading skills, such as recognizing letters and understanding that print carries meaning. this approach contrasts with more standardized educational systems that may prioritize age over individual readiness.
in practical terms, this theory advises against pushing children into formal learning environments too early, as doing so can lead to frustration and may hinder natural developmental progress. instead, the theory supports a more child-centered approach, where education is adapted to the development stages of each child, allowing them to maximize their potential in accordance with their own biological maturation schedule.
in summary, the maturationist theory underscores that child development is a biologically driven, sequential process that should guide educational practices. it posits that school readiness occurs when a child has biologically matured to a point where they can naturally acquire and perform educational tasks, such as reciting the abcs, without being coerced or rushed. this theory influences how educators and parents think about the readiness of children for school and progression through educational milestones.
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