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Correct Answer: a guided approach
the correct answer to fill in the blank for the second recommendation for guiding students in writing summaries is "a guided approach."
writing good summaries is usually an acquired skill; however, some direct instruction may be necessary. two recommendations for guiding students in writing summaries have been examined in recent years: 1) a "chaining" approach and 2) a guided approach. both have proved effective.
in the chaining approach, the process involves having students initially write a single summarizing sentence for each distinct section of the text they have read. this method helps break down the material into manageable parts, making it easier for students to understand and retain the main points. after composing a summarizing sentence for each section, students then "chain" these sentences together to form a coherent and concise summary of the entire text. this chaining not only aids in reinforcing the connection between the sections but also helps in developing a smoother, flowing summary that accurately reflects the text's overall content and structure.
on the other hand, the guided approach involves more structured guidance from the teacher. in this method, educators may provide specific questions or prompts that direct the students' attention to crucial elements of the text that should be included in a summary. this could include identifying the main idea, important facts, and supporting details that are essential for a comprehensive summary. the guided approach also typically includes examples and models of effective summaries, allowing students to see practical applications of the skills they are learning. furthermore, this method often incorporates feedback mechanisms where students receive individual or group feedback on their summary drafts, which helps them refine their summarizing skills through iterative practice.
both the chaining and guided approaches aim to equip students with the necessary skills to write effective summaries. while the chaining approach emphasizes a more independent construction of summaries through linking key sections, the guided approach provides a more scaffolded learning environment where direct instruction and feedback play critical roles in the learning process. each method has its advantages and can be selected based on the specific needs and skill levels of the students.
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