Topic Breakdown of Praxis General Science Exam

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Praxis General Science Sample Test

1 of 5

A concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood stimulates the breathing center in the

Correct Answer:

medulla oblongata
the medulla oblongata plays a crucial role in regulating several vital functions in the human body, including breathing. located at the base of the brainstem, it forms a link between the brain and the spinal cord. the medulla oblongata contains the respiratory center, which is a group of neurons that control the rate and depth of breathing.

the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata is sensitive to the levels of carbon dioxide (co2) in the blood. when co2 levels rise, they cause a decrease in the ph of the blood, making it more acidic. this change in ph is detected by chemoreceptors. there are two main types of chemoreceptors: central chemoreceptors located in the medulla oblongata itself and peripheral chemoreceptors located in the carotid and aortic bodies in the arteries.

when the central chemoreceptors detect an increase in co2 concentration, they stimulate the respiratory center to increase the rate and depth of breathing. this process is known as ventilatory response. by increasing breathing, the body is able to expel more co2 through the lungs, thereby reducing its concentration in the blood and returning the blood ph to normal levels. this feedback mechanism is vital for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring that the body’s internal environment remains stable despite external changes.

thus, the medulla oblongata's critical function in monitoring and responding to blood co2 levels underscores its central role in respiratory control. this is why, in the context of the question, medulla oblongata. it is this part of the brain that is directly stimulated by increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood, leading to adjustments in the breathing pattern to restore normal gas levels in the body.