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Correct Answer: industrial age.
the correct answer is the industrial age. during the industrial age, which began in the late 18th century and continued through the 19th century, significant technological advancements radically transformed the economic structures and societal layouts of many countries, particularly in europe and north america. notably, the advent of machinery, especially in the textile industry, and the development of steam power greatly enhanced production capacities and efficiency.
this period marked a major shift from agrarian economies to industrial economies, prompting a massive migration of populations from rural areas to urban centers. the reason for this migration was primarily the promise of employment opportunities in the newly established factories and industries. urban areas began to expand rapidly as they became the epicenters of economic activity, offering numerous job opportunities not available in the countryside.
however, this influx of people into urban centers led to several negative consequences. cities, unprepared for such rapid expansion, quickly became overcrowded. housing shortages were prevalent, and many inhabitants lived in cramped and unsanitary conditions, which often led to health issues. additionally, the lack of adequate infrastructure and sanitation facilities contributed to the spread of diseases and increased pollution levels. the streets of major cities were often dirty, and the air quality deteriorated due to the smoke and soot emitted by factories.
despite these challenges, the urban migration during the industrial age laid the foundation for modern urbanization and was instrumental in the economic development of numerous nations. this period was crucial for the development of the working class and for the initial steps towards modern economic systems centered around industrial production and urban workforce.
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